Comparing Stereotypes and Stereotyping in Measuring My...

Conformity and Stereotypes in Measuring My Blood and The Artificial Nigger Adults frequently make conscious attempts to pass on their values and judgments concerning a number of matters to younger generations by sharing their own views. Generally, the advice they pass on is helpful for one to become a successful, productive member of the general population; however, this process of indoctrination can be harmful if the views shared by the elder are racist. Gerald Vizenors Measuring My Blood and Flannery OConnors The Artificial Nigger explore the circumstances in which racist individuals try to induce others into following stereotypical ideas and how their influence can lead to a negative outcome. One†¦show more content†¦The criticism of the inquiry into Vizenors death comes from his own son many years later when he reaches adulthood. As the son asks his probing questions into what actually occurred to resolve his fathers injustice, the chief of police defends his own work by stating that we [the police department] never spent much time on winos and derelicts in those days...Who knows, one Indian vagrant kills another (73). By sharing this racist view, the officer casts Vizenors father in a negative light while also boosting his own sense of self-worth. In the cops opinion, his own time is very valuable and cannot be spared on some insignificant murder victim belonging to the minority community. Naturally, Vizenor is taken back by such harsh criticism of his own father and he does not respond well to such blatantly racist comments; the cop is unsuccessful in his ill-tempered attempts at indoctrination. While Mr. Head and the chief of police share a common bond because they both use racist comments to feel better about themselves, there is a differenceShow MoreRelatedLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 PagesCollege; and Stephanie Tucker, California State University Sacramento. Thinking and writing about logical reasoning has been enjoyable for me, but special thanks go to my children, Joshua, 8, and Justine, 3, for comic relief during the months of writing. This book is dedicated to them. For the 2012 edition: This book is dedicated to my wife Hellan whose good advice has improved the book in many ways. vi Table of Contents Preface.............................................................

American Express Matrix Analysis - 1926 Words

American Express Matrix Analysis Business Policy – BUS 490 May, 23rd 2012 SWOT Matrix 1. SWOT matrix is an approach that is used to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities as well as the threats that are associated with all the activities of the organization. An organization should conduct a SWOT analysis strategy with an aim of ensuring that it meets all its set goals. More so they will be at a position of identifying their competitors with whom they operate same businesses so as to ensure they remain competitive in the market. When evaluating the strength of an organization, organizations such as American Express should ensure that all the strengths of that organization are listed and more so it should ensure that†¦show more content†¦There are many recommendations that it has to consider for the next three years. For instance, it has to reduce its cost to the customers. This will facilitate in ensuring satisfaction of customers as a result of affordable prices. Second it should establish other travel branches in different parts of the world the organization may use $3000 for the expansion. This will facilitate in attraction of a large market share which will result to increased profit. The organization should also ensure that it advertise all its services through various media services that will meet many customers with an aim of convincing them to prefer their services as compared to those if other organizations. 4. Comparison of the my recommendation with those of the organization American Express has plans to establish some more companies in other parts of the world which compares with the recommendations offered for the next three years, since it is recommended that the organization should establish other branches in different areas with an aim of attracting a large market share. The recommendation of advertising also compare with that of American Express since they have a plan to identify online services to attract many customers. 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Creative Thinking and Innovation in Businessâ€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: What Is the Creative Thinking and Innovation in Business? Answer: Introducation In the last decade, creativity and innovation are proving to be skills that are critical in achieving of the success in businesses in the developed economies. With increasing management problems the need for adopting creative problem solving means has been seen to rise. This is because most of these problems require insights that are more creative so as to get solutions that are suitable. The two i.e. creativity and innovation go hand in hand because without creativity there would be no innovation (Magnusson and Martini, 2008) Creativity The ability of an individual to come up with new ideas that are unique is referred to as creativity. This is the force that drives innovation. It incorporates the idea of looking at things from perspectives that are different and there is freedom of being restricted by rules that are either written or unwritten. Creativity is very crucial in business because its every businesss objective to keep pace with the current trends and always stay ahead of their competitors (dePeuter and Dyer-Witheford, 2009). Ones business creativity quotient matters a lot and as indicated by Adobe and Forrester Consulting it was found that close to 82% of many companies agree that there is a big connection between the results of a business and creativity in place. The companies that work with creative teams have often outperformed their many rivals when it comes to leadership that is competitive, growth in revenue and market shares. Fields like design and marketing require a lot of creative thinking however unconventional thinking is also important in almost all aspects of business activities. The key differentiator in the success of individual departments in an organization and strategies that are internal is actually creativity. Creative thinking often produces sales that win and campaigns which increase the appeal of a brand to the end users as well as ensures the fostering of a company culture that is unique and reflects and encourages creativity in each department of the company. Creativity in an organization has to be encouraged from all ends so as to feel its positive impacts on the entire business (dePeuter and Dyer-Witheford, 2009). A culture of creative thinking has to be built because its not just a matter of telling your staff to be creative and expect them to magically come up with ideas that are innovative. As noted by Ben-Yehuda a renowned innovation expert all organization managers should work towards creating an environment that is safe and non judgmental. They should be ready to accept and listen to peoples ideas both from within and outside the company. One of the best ways that one can inspire creative ideas is by consulting with employees that are outside the immediate project team (Droge et al., 2008). Innovation For any business to be successful it has to constantly come up with ideas which keep its services, products and operations fresh always. Therefore innovation is the process of making such ideas become reality. The greatest task of any business is to turn an idea into actual services or products that are of benefit to customers. Innovation might have some slight differences in meaning but its al about the act of improving something that was in existence before (Bilton, 2007). Its actually the evolution of effectiveness, efficiency and convenience. Companies that embrace this often attain sustainable success. True leaders and innovators are the companies that venture into largest risks, close big gaps and often identify opportunities that are new. This has set such innovators apart from many and almost all the competition in the business world. Innovation is thus critical to any form of success. Close to 90% of executive managers are in agreement with the fact that for their organizations to experience long term success they have to constantly develop new ideas. However, most companies are not doing enough when it comes to fostering innovation (Bilton, 2007). This problem is related to the fact that many businesses are developing ideas in unproductive means. Its often hard to identify a need in any company and even harder to invent ways of filling that need when one has been with the organization for many years. One cannot innovate from within a jar and without innovation its clear that one awaits the expiration of their business. Strategies that fit well the goals and needs of a business have to be well installed in order for any innovation to be successful (Droge et al., 2008). Theory and practice of creativity and innovation Componential theory of creativity and innovation by Amabile (1983) brings out the real meaning and impacts of these two ideas on nay business. This theory identifies characteristics which have to be present for any outputs of creativity to be felt. They include domain relevant skills, intrinsic motivation and creative relevant cognitive processes. Among the three characteristics of this theory intrinsic motivation which is an individual pursuit of tasks is the most critical in creative performance (Magnusson and Martini, 2008). Its both a trait and persistent state and therefore creates the need to persist with overcoming obstacles, dealing with difficult tasks, taking risks and introducing new ideas. According to this theory variables that are contextual such as support from leaders affect the creativity things by affecting motivation that is intrinsic. The domain relevant skills are the kind of expertise needed to bring changes that are meaningful to many domains and the creative relevant cognitive processes are the ability that are divergent and also styles that are aimed at decision making. Impact of creativity and innovation on peoples roles in an organization Leaders Leaders are a team of any companys stakeholder who oversees the day to day running of the business. Is therefore of no doubt that they are better placed to see the need for growth and development of the said businesses. They thus play key roles when it comes to creativity and innovation (Langerak and Hultink, 2008). From where they sit they can easily spot the gaps present in the organization and the urgent need to fill them. One way of filling such gaps is the act of creativity. Any competent leader has to be creative enough in coming up with ideas that need to be implemented so as to fill the present gap. Once a gap has been identified the leader may come up with ideas either individually or by working in a team together with the employees. The implementation of these creative ideas again lies purely in the hands of the leaders who need to channel funds and resources into the innovative ideas that may originate entirely from them or the subordinate staffs. Leaders alias managers are mandated with the role of implementing creative ideas which is the stage of innovation (Baker and Sinkula, 2007). A good idea can only be felt if implemented or else its as good as being non existence. Employees These are workers in an organizational set up. When it comes to creativity these are the best resources to work with. Employees are the ones on the floor of any organization and thus well placed to identify creative ideas for the growth of the company. But these creative ideas may be null and void if not supported financially so as to be implemented. Therefore the employees need to be engaged in the decision making processes regarding new innovations especially if the creative idea originated from them. If this is done they feel a sense of recognition and hence belonging. In this way they are motivated to create more ideas and work towards inventing them for the success of business (Langerak and Hultink, 2008). Productive employees are the ones that are very creative and often work towards growing the company and making it more competitive. Key ingredients to successful innovation Leadership Any concept that promotes leaders that show inventive and imaginative qualities which are capable of impacting positively on employees is termed as creative leadership. Its very vital for any leader to motivate people to work to their peak. Any uninspired employee when it comes to performance and problem solving may not come up with any noble solution to a problem. Leadership should first prioritize engagement of right people at the right time to the right degree of creative working. This is felt when the leaders chooses to appreciate the role of his employees. This is because currently many innovations thrive on contributions by many people and not just one (Smith and McKinlay, 2009). Good leaders do much when it comes to challenging and inspiring creative work progressively. Innovative leaders combine different styles of leadership so as to influence employees in producing products, services and ideas that are creative. Creativity Its the main ingredient of successful innovation in the sense that without it nothing has to be implemented. All innovations stem from creative thinking. Once ad idea is borne the next step is working towards innovating it. Creativity is therefore the art of coming up with unique business ideas that will make ones business stand out among the rest. Creativity is therefore the mother of all innovations. Focus This is all about the level of seriousness accorded to any creative idea which needs to be implemented. Its a collaborative thing all the stakeholders involved in ensuring a certain creative idea is accepted by the relevant institution and implemented have to be focused aand put in all the time needed to achieve this (Magnusson and Martini, 2008). Focus is therefore important in the success of any innovative idea. Invention Its the end process of any innovative ideas. This is the act of making an idea succeed in whatever means. It involves having in place all the relevant resources that sees the onset and progression of an idea to success. Once the creative idea has been invented and its up and running the success of the business is easily achieved with all the relevant resources in place. Entrepreneurship When one embraces the capacity and willingness to develop, manage and organize any business he/she is referred to as an entrepreneur and this comes with taking all the risks that come with adopting changes or starting up a business. Therefore entrepreneurship plays key roles in the creativity and innovation of business ideas (Menzel et al., 2007). Without taking that risk of staring or embracing change that comes with new ideas its difficult for any organization to embrace the act of innovation. This is because innovative ideas are either new or an improvement on how things are done in a different way to achieve new and better results. Any true entrepreneur will therefore be willing to take up new ideas and ensure they are innovated and implemented. Examples of people and/or organizations whose success was/is based on creative thinking and innovation Many of todays organizations and people that have been successful in doing business are those that embraced creativity either knowingly or even intentional. Such groups have experienced tremendous business growth. Organizations Texas instruments A researcher at this organization by the name Larry Hornbeck had for many years been doing experiments with technology where he used tiny mirrors in the redirection of photons. He did this for close to a decade. In the year 1987 him together with his team were able to develop a digital micro mirror device (Droge et al., 2008). The DMD was then adopted in the printing of airline tickets at the beginning but later on the company i.e. Texas instruments started a venture that was internal called digital imaging venture project so as to expand on its efforts. Success/benefits The video projectors had for a long time weighed to an equivalent of a small child and the costs were up to $ 15,000 but Hornbeck had realized that his technology had the capacity to decrease the cost and size of the digital projector and it therefore became the companys standard. This saw him receive an Emmy award for such outstanding achievements in the engineering development (dePeuter and Dyer-Witheford, 2009). W.L. Gore Company This is a company that is known by most from the Gore-Tex fabric where it is applauded for giving employees what is termed as dabble time of rather 10% of their days work time. This time is used by employees in the development of new ideas as well as working on personal projects. In this process one of the companys employee i.e. Dave Myers was able to identify one of their products EPTFE which is a coating for the push-pull cables can also be used as guitar strings. Success/benefits These strings that were coated proved to be more marginally comfortable and also kept the tones longer compared to the conventional guitar strings (Bilton, 2007). After the launch of these strings by the company with the brand name as ELIXIR strings, they have for a long time been the leading selling acoustic guitar strings. People Douglas Engelbart This was the first man to invent the mouse used in computers. In addition to this invention he assisted a team of expert to develop some technologies that are now common in the computing world such as networking d hypertext he remains to be one of the giants in the silicon valley. This innovation and invention of the mouse was as a result of a dream which he actualized later (Dobbs and Hamilton, 2007). He first termed the mouse as the X-Y position indicator for the display system. He realized that arrow keys were cumbersome and slow as well and thought of something that was hand sized and was able to track fine movements. Since then the invention of the mouse in the computer industry has been of great achievement and has been an idea well adopted worldwide. Swiss Artist H.R. Giger This is an artist that became internationally recognized in the 1960s due to his visionary airbrushed art. An overview of his creative work referred to as Necronomicon had to prompt Ridley Scott a film director into hiring him as the artistic designer for the Alien i.e. extraterrestrial monsters which has become a well known collection of the sci-fi films. This made Giger to win the 1980 Academy Award in the special effects (Chaston, 2008). Conclusion It is now evident that creativity and innovation go hand in hand. There is no way one can invent what has not been perceived by the mind. There is a lot of efforts and commitment that has to be embraced by all business when it comes to adopting the culture of creative thinking in the society. To remain topmost in this competitive business world companies have to constantly think of new ideas in the improvement of their businesses. Leaders play key roles when it comes to these concepts. Any leader who is not creative enough is likely to contribute to the collapse of the business. However employees have also to be given chances to be creative enough and leaders ought to listen to their ideas no matter how small they are. Every big and successful business around the world began off as small ideas put together for greater innovations. Its no doubt that most businesses that seem to be doing well in the current century are those that embraced creativity and innovation in equal measures. However for the innovations to be realized then the company has to be willing to commit resources and energies into any idea that sounds noble. No success comes on a silver platter there has to be much collaborative efforts and even sacrifices put in place. Innovation of good ideas also is achieved well if technology is embraced. Any business that is doing things the conventional way fails to get the maximum results needed. This explains the close of businesses because if one does not con tinuously invest in new ideas they are simply waiting for the expiry date of their business. References Bilton, C. (2007), Management and Creativity: from Creative Industries to Creative Management, Malden, Blackwell. Chaston, I. (2008), Small creative industry firms: a development dilemma?, Management Decision, Vol. 46 No. 6, pp. 819-831. dePeuter, G. and Dyer-Witheford, N. (2009), A playful multitude? Mobilising and counter mobilising immaterial game labour, fibreculture, issue 5: Multitudes, creative organisation and the precarious condition of new media labour. https://journal.fibreculture.org/iisue5/depeuter_dyerwitheford-print.html Dobbs, M. and Hamilton, R.T.M. (2007), Small business growth: recent evidence and new directions, International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, Vol. 13 No. 5, pp. 296-322. Smith, C. and McKinlay, A. (2009), Creative industries and labour process analysis, in: McKinlay, A. and Smith, C. (2009), Creative Labour: Working in the Creative Industries, London: Palgrave, pp. 3-28. Baker, W.E. and Sinkula, J.M. (2007), Does market orientation facilitate balanced innovation programs? An organizational learning perspective, Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 24, pp. 316-34. Droge, C., Calantone, R.J. and Harmancioglu, N. (2008), New product success: is it really controllable by managers in highly turbulent environments?, Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 25 No. 3, pp. 272-86. Langerak, F. and Hultink, E.J. (2008), The effect of new product development acceleration approaches on development speed: a case study, Journal of Engineereing and Technology Management, Vol. 25, pp. 157-67. Magnusson, M. and Martini, A. (2008), Dual organisational capabilities: from theory to practice the next challenge for continuous innovation, International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 42 Nos 1/2, pp. 1-19. Menzel, H.C., Aaltio, I. and Ulijn, J.M. (2007), On the way to creativity: engineers as intrapreneurs in organizations, Technovation, Vol. 27 No. 12, pp. 732-43

Karnataka Philosophy Essay Example

Karnataka Philosophy Paper Much more this remark is applicable to Karnataka, from which the different currents of philosophy have flowed and flooded the rest of India and the whole world. The great Sri Sankar of monistic fame had his principal Math of Sringeri in Karnataka and began his life’s mission there. Sri Madhvacarya, the campion of Dualisn and Devotion, was entirely the product of this holy soil. Sri Basaveswar was another saint belonging to this eminent group. He is called â€Å"Bhakti-Bhandhari†- the treasure devotion – in Kannada. It was he who infused fresh life into veera-shaivism and made it a living faith. His inspiring personality attracted thousands of disciples who spread his new Gospel throughout the length and breadth of Karnataka. In their attempt to interpret the new message of their master to the masses, the eminent disciples of Basava, successfully utilized His Vachanas- a new form of literature in Kannada. These Vachanas are pithy (brief) sayings, brilliant in their directness and simplicity occasionally rising to the sublime grandeur even of the Upanisadic literature. They have brought light and hope to the Kannada masses and made their lives worth – living in all possible ways. Akka Mahadevi is one of the inspired disciples of Basava’s band. 2. BRIEF LIFE SKETCH OF AKKA MAHADEVI Akka Mahadevi was a prominent figure and Kannada poet of the Veerashaiva Bhakti movement of the 12th century Karnataka. Her Vachanas, a form of didactic poetry are considered her greatest contribution to Kannada Bhakti literature. In all she wrote about 430 Vachanas (another source says 350) which is relatively fewer than that compared to other saints of her time. We will write a custom essay sample on Karnataka Philosophy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Karnataka Philosophy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Karnataka Philosophy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The term Akka (elder Sister) which is an honorific (title) given to her by great Veerashaiva saints like Basavanna, Chenna Basavanna, Kinnari Bommayya, Siddharama, and Allamaprabhu. Akka Mahadevi was born in a town called ‘Udutadi’ in the centre of Karnataka in a Veera-saiva family. Her parents were the staunch followers of Trividhi philosophy of Guru, Linga and Jangama. She had an inborn devotion for God Siva. At age 10, she was initiated as a devotee of Shiva. She worshiped Shiva, whom she called Chenna Mallikarjuna, (Lord White as jasmine). Right from her childhood unlike other young girls she chose the Beautiful Lord, Pure white as the Jasmine, Chennamallikarjuna, as her playmate. Akka-Mahadevi was very beautiful. Her marvelous charm attracted the then ruling king- Kaushika who happened to be a Jain. Mahadevi agreed to marry Kaushika on three conditions. They are 1. She should be allowed according to her conveniences to practice the devotion of Lord Shiva, whom she calls Cenna Mallikarjuna. 2. She should be given freedom to listen and to meditate the life stories and teachings of ‘Siva Sharanas’ – saints of Lord shiva – and the practices of Saivism. . She should be allowed to practice the devotion of Trividhi philosophy –Guru, Linga, and Jangama. However, the male ego in Kaushika made him blind and he forced himself on her. Mahadevi outrightly renounced the marriage, with that she also renounced her parents, luxury, home and everything, considering them as impediments. She went bare to Kalyana where Allama was heading the Anubhavamantapa. Thus Mahadevi by renouncing the marriage with Kaushiaka emerged as the first protagonist of woman liberation. She discarded clothes and other worldly things as the last estiges of a sansarin and accepted the life of sanyasin. She left for Kalayana (a town in Bidar district of present Karnataka) which was known as God’s own city. Basaveshwara who is popularly known as Basavanna (elderly brother) has already launched a great social movement of casteless and classless society. Taking entry into his ‘Anubhavamantapa’ (the spiritual assembly) was not an easy task. Only those who are spiritually enlightened are allowed to come in, that too, after passing the kind of test held by the president of Anubhava Mantapa. Her renouncement of clothes and disregard for the body, or the acceptance of the life of nunnery was not an ordinary step in 12th century. Woman was not yet considered as equivalent to man. Her individual identity was under crisis. Even the great thinker and philosopher like Allamaprabhu questioned her unusual way of life. The picture of the discussion about this between Allama and Akka in the gate of Anubhava Mantapa? given by Chamarasa is not only an interesting literary piece but it is a candid and bold step in the history of whole womanhood. The discussion is as follows: Prabhu: Why have you come here in the prime of your youth? Our saints resent the sight of a young woman. If you can disclose the identity of your husband, you can join the fellowship of our saints, or else you can depart. A womans company is like poison. Tell us, who is your husband? Mahadevi: I was engrossed in penance for many years so that Siva might become my wedded lord! My own people wedded me to Siva by smearing my body with ashes and tying the marital bracelet to my wrist. All the world knows that the innumerable saints have been my parents. Therefore, O Prabhu, God is my lord; for me, there are no other husbands in this world. When Prabhu scolds her first for her nakedness Akka Mahadevi responds in this way: I have killed the cupid in myself and conquered this world. So I have no body. When I have no body, no sex where does exist the question of clothes? It is not the condition of the body that counts but, instead, a pure heart which wins the favor of God. I have covered my body with my hair so that the sight of my body may not be a cause of temptation for others. Prabhu questions whether Akka Mahadevi can be one with God when she still has human form and, worse, when it is a female body. She describes the superficiality of appearance, and of the leaders reluctance to accept her. Would the sandalwood cease its fragrance when its cut into pieces? Would a piece of gold, even when cut and heated, lose its luster? Would the sugar cane lose its sweetness when it is squeezed within a press and then heated? Prabhu pays her his ultimate compliment: Your body is female in appearance, but you mind is merged with God. In fact it was here onwards that she became Akka, an elderly sister. By her profound scholarship and burning fire of devotion she soon carved for herself an exalted position in the Anubhava Mantap, the unique Assembly of Saints there. Channa-Basava, the right hand man of Basava says, â€Å"Real greatness is only to be seen in Mahadeviakka, who has lost all sense of duality and has merged herself in the infinite. † 3. HER INTENSE LONG ING FOR THE LORD Even in her childhood, she used to worship Siva with great concentration. She took her early education under Shivagamacharya and started writing vachanas at the earliest age. Even at her early age of adolescences, Mahadevi’s devotion for Chenna Mallkarjuna was so deep and passionate that she did not play with the worldly toys like other children. On the other hand as she wrote in one of her Vachanas: â€Å"I wash away like the black soil in rain I slip and shifts like the sand, Anguished in dream I start awake, And burn like the fire in the forge, Comrades have I none in my woe O Cenna Mallikarjuna, do Thou grant me of Thy mercy A body that is not grappled by the groping hand, And the ecstasy that comes of union without uniting. † Akka’s whole life was a journey in search of her eternal lover, Cenna Mallikarjuna, whom she saw in her dream and followed in reality. During this course of divine frenzy the valleys and mountains were her friends, trees and animals were her companions, sun and the moon were the guiding spirits, whom she earnestly asked for the help in searching her beloved. Mahadevi, endowed with innate love and devotion for Lord Siva, had developed for the beginning a great aversion for worldly life. In one of her Vachanas she says, â€Å"O Lord! Without realizing Thee, I am dying in the meshes of my own self-willed desires, like a silk-worm perishing in the cocoon of silk spun out by it from its own body. Purge my mind, O God! of all evil desires and show me Thy Abode. † â€Å"This evil Samsara has been troubling me day and night. What shall I do my Lord? What shall I do to get rid of this constant harassment? I cannot bear this mental torment any longer. I throw myself entirely at Thy Mercy. Slay me or save me! Let Thy will be done. † Mahadevi had become thoroughly disgusted with the worldly life, and was constantly thinking of God and God alone. She asks, â€Å"Does a peacock ever play on the barren plain? and not on the mountains? Can a swan ever think of loving a dirty streamlet by abandoning a crystal lake? Will a cuckoo ever pour forth its flood of divine rapture anywhere except in a full-blossomed mango tree? Can a bee ever visit a flower without any fragrance? Can my mind be ever attracted by anything else but Thee, my Lord? † Mahadevi thus pines to have a glimpse at the lotus feet of the Lord. â€Å"Just as a caged parrot constantly remembers its brethren outside, so do I ever think of Thee. Call me ‘dear child’ and show me ‘Thy Beauty’†. I am pining for Thee, day and night, My Lord! The dart of Thy Love has been driven deep into my bosom and consequently I have forgotten hunger, thirst and sleep. † Maddened by such an intense Love for the Lord, she began to request everyone she met to show her the pathway to her Lord in this manner: â€Å"Bees, Cuckoos, Parrots, Moonligh t! I have one request for you. Have you seen my Lord? If so will you kindly show Him to me? † 4. HER CHALLENGE TO THE LORD: This extreme intensity of devotion had made her bold enough to throw such a challenge to the Lord: â€Å"Don’t harass me, my Lord, because I am helpless. But mind, I am not a woman to be easily terrified by any amount of pain Thou would inflict. I would live on dry leaves and sleep in the bed of arrows. Pure am I, my Lord! as I have consecrated my body and mind to Thee. † Moreover, she asks: â€Å"Will the sandal give up its fragrance even though it is cut to pieces and rubbed down? Will gold ever be darkened even when it is burnt in the fire? Will the sugarcane abandon its sweetness although it is cut to pieces, made to pass through the press and boiled in the fiery furnace? Don’t reveal my past sins to me my Lord. I will never desist from seeking Thy shelter even if Thou wouldest kill me. She says, â€Å"Thou mayest hear me or not my Lord! I cannot but sing Thy glory. Thou mayest love me or not, I cannot but worship Thee. Thou mayest grace me with Thy presence or not, I cannot but think of embracing Thee. Thou mayest look at me or not, I cannot help casting my loving glance at Thee and sing Thy praises in delight. I s hall worship Thee alone my Lord; and enjoy Divine delight by Thy worship. † 5. CONCEPT OF GOD ACCORDING TO AKKA MAHADEVI She calls her Lord as Chennamallikarjuna. In the book of Mahadevi’s path, as we turn the pages, we find that the image of Chennamallikarjuna changing. With time it merges into a higher and higher concept of the Divine. Only in her earlier years do we notice reference to Siva. Throughout He has remained her Antaryamin to whom she was wedded without a doubt. She says, â€Å"Like treasure hid in the ground, like flavour in the fruit, like gold in the rock and oil in the seed, the Absolute is hidden in the heart. † Further she says, â€Å"I am involved with the one who knows no death, nor decay nor form. He has no one place, nor any boundary, no modifications nor origins. He is Unrestricted to any clan, this casteless one is whom I love. For this reason I am for this man, this Chenna Mallikarjuna. She says, the approach to God must be through ardent love and devotion. She instinctively felt that man can never be fully and wholly fulfilled through self-discipline and knowledge, though self-discipline is arduous and knowledge superior. A more human approach to God lies through pure love and unselfish love which withdraws most of the obstacles that the ego interposes between the divine and the devotee. Akka was shining star in the Bhatki tradition. Her wedding to the Lord Shiva and her undivided heart of love and surrender to Him can be considered as the path of Bhakti Marga. She also considers that the path of action is very much necessary to have genuine devotion of the Lord. In this way she finds no conflict between these two paths rather it is the two sides of the same coin. Her vachans are the best expressed form of Janan Marga, where she tries to share her knowledge of the Lord. For Akka mahadevi to know the Lord and to worship him in mind and to share this knowledge with others in Vachans was a superior way of devotion. So Bhakti Jnana and Krma margas are not mutually exclusive for the Akka, but all three margas lead us to a true devotion to the Lord. 6. SPLENDID VISION OF THE LORD: Through His grace, she had soon the vision of the Lord. â€Å"I had a Vision† she breaks out in rapture, â€Å"I had a splendid vision of the Lord. He had shining golden hair, with a brilliant crown studded (filled) with jewels. A set of pearl-white teeth adorned his beautiful lips that were illumined the seven worlds. At this sight, the famine of my eyes has vanished altogether today. Now that I have seen my Lord Playing with His Primeval Shakti, by identifying Himself with her, I consider my life to have borne fruit. † This vision brought about drastic change in her entire outlook on life. The forest appeared to her to be full of Wish-trees; all the stones assumed to form touch-stones; every place was a place of pilgrimage; the whole world became full of heavenly ambrosia and every pebble she came across was a heavenly jewel. She saw the mountain very much dear to the Lord-Channa Mallikarjuna and entered the forest of Kadali-plantain trees . † In this way she went on having one spiritual experience after another and ultimately realized her identity with the Absolute. She says â€Å"Can the ghee mixed in milk remain separate from it? Who can differentiate heat from the brilliance of Sun? O Lord of Infinite Glory! My scales fell off my eyes as I realized my identity with Thee! † Again she says, â€Å"Whom shall I worship when my body has become Thine? Whom shall I remember when my mind has merged in Thee? Losing myself entirely in Thee, I have completely forgotten Thee with Thee. † 7. LAST DAYS OF HER LIFE Tradition says she left the world in her twenties, entering mahasamadhi (final divine union) with a flash of light. Her travels come to an end when she finds the Kadali vana in the vicinity of the Shrishaila temple. In Kadali vana, Mahadevi matures in nirguna upasana, ready for the final offering. She recognizes the Absolute in all of his creation. The kalpavriksha is all trees. The Sanjeevani is all bushes. All places are teerthas. Ambrosia is contained in all waters. All animals is the covetable golden deer. Every pebble glows as the chintamani gem. Here she also recognizes the paradox of His being in her body, as her very breath becomes His Fragrance. His form becomes hers. Her life force is no different from His very own. No knowledge to acquire, as she now knows Him. Who is there to think, of whom, as individuality ceases to be? This young, defiant and vibrant saint Akka Mahadevi attains Aikyastthala, the highest of the six states of Veerashaivism in the vicinity of the temple to Chennamallikaarjuna and Bhramaraambika. 8. THE CONCEPT OF TRIVEDHI PHILOSOPHY According to the Trivedhi Philosophy, all holiness consisted in due regard for three vital things–Guru, linga and Jangam (the guide; the image; and the fellow religionist). Guru: (personal spiritual master), Guru is the personal spiritual guide who has the knowledge of the path and knows how to guide one on it. A guru is the first cover/guard of soul against the attractions of Maya. He is a concept of awareness. He initiates a novice in the worship of Ista Linga, because he is a model in Ista Linga worship and is Jivanmuktha. He performs three functions: He initiates a person into the faith, trains him and guides him to move towards Aikyasthala (merger with Shiva) A Guru was forbidden to eat flesh, to chew betel or to touch liquor: and he wore a Kempa kavi vastra Linga: (Siva) Linga plays a very key role in the union of Jiva with Siva. Shiva should be worshipped through Ista Linga, which is a symbol of Shiva. The communion between God and a devotee is through Ista Linga. Ista Linga is a small black ball made up of certain prescribed materials kept in a silver casket put around the neck with the help of a thread called shivadara (thread of Lord Shiva). Ista Linga is Shiva Himself. It is universal form of God in a miniature and is the greatest light of the inner most heart which is brought out and shaped into a form by the guru. It is the visible symbol of the invisible energy existing in all beings. The guru places the Ista Linga on ‘Thanu’ (body) ‘Prana’ (life) and ‘Bhava’ (feelings). The linga placed on the thanu is Ista Linga, the linga placed on Prana is Pranalinga, and the linga placed on the Bhava is called Bhavalinga. The practice of wearing Siva linga constantly on their bodies as a mark of devotion and surrender to Lord Siva. Jangama: (an enlightened spiritual guru) Jangama is the realized soul or the perfect one who has already been through the path and knows how to lead one there. A jangama is a liberated man and moves about from place to place to preach the Lingayat Philosophy. He is a moving spirit of the Lord and is personified in the services of the Lord. He leads a simple life, is a man of detachment and is without shelter of his own. He is inseparable from Linga. Guru, Linga and Jangama are treated on equal footing and are rendered with equal respect and reverence. One needs to surrender to them and seek their help in intensifying ones devotion to Siva to obtain his grace and achieve the final union. 9. AKKA THE SOURCE OF WOMEN EMANCIPATION She is a prominent figure in the field of female emancipation. Probably, she may be the first feminist in India as she has been in a constant battle against the established institutions and rituals prevalent in India, in the 12th century. During such time of strife and political uncertainty she launched a movement that made her an inspiration for woman empowerment and enlightenment. The time was marked as height of foolishness of varnashrama dharma which only supported the three upper castes of Hindu society in India and suppressed the shudras and women. It was in the 12the century such a feminist voice, heard from a country like India, where the patriarchal system is at its best. A time when females are forbidden at the school entrance, Akka Mahadevi could take part in many gatherings of learned men at the Anubhavamandapa in Kadal Sangama, to debate philosophy. Though she lived and died young the lines she uttered and the divine life she led keep her as an inseparable part of Indian history in general and the movement of woman’s emancipation in particular. She proves that woman is not the puppet in the hands of male dominant society. On the other hand she is as free as the objects of the world around. She was never contended with the restricted role of a girl at home. Limitations placed on women in the pursuit of education and spirituality was unacceptable for her. She proved herself that a woman has every right and has all the means to pursue a life of an ascetic. Her entire woman’s life with many traumatic experiences is a testimony to the Power of Indelible Courage and Faith. Her renouncement of clothes and disregard for the body, or the acceptance of the life of nunnery was not an ordinary step in 12th century. Woman was not yet considered as equivalent to man. Her individual identity was under crisis. Even the great thinker and philosopher like Allamaprabhu questioned her unusual way of life. Akka becomes a distinctive phenomenon in the human history not merely by her style of dressing or unusual way of arguing. Her distinct pathway through the world, which took her to the climax point of rationalism, establishes her as an ever-shining star of boldness. Her denial of the riches and comforts of the palace and the amputations of the domestic bonds reminds one of Buddha. Her ideal of social and gender equality, propagated in the 12th century had become the creed of higher education in and out of Karnataka. Along with Basaveshwara, she was also one of the socialist reformers who spoke out against the caste system. Among her 315 vachanas, considered as sacred scriptures by the Kannadigas, one proclaims this message: â€Å"Unrestricted to any clan, this caste less one is whom I love for this reason, I’m for this man. † Akka Mahadevi is even remembered and revered all over Karnataka as a seer-poet and a social reformer. You can see a number of educational and charitable institutions all through the State, named after Akka. Akka Seva Samajas, the charitable institutions in the State, pursue the same goal Akka Mhadevi has propagated – uplifting the status of the girl children. They work for the destitute girls and down trodden women in their three branches at Kumara Park, Rajaji Nagar, Rajarajeswary Nagar along with the first one established at Bangalore. The proceedings of the Samajas are inspired by the life and teachings of Akka Mahadevi who burned up as a flash of light in the caves of Sreeshailam. 10. AKKA MAHADEVI A MYSTIC SAINT Akka Madhavi is no doubt a great Bhakti saints of the 12th century, she experienced a call within, that no other pre-occupation distract her, in her path to the Lord Shiva. Unlike other girls, the very desire for a family and married life, and other worldly pleasure and comfort she considers these nothing compared to her devotion to the Lord Shiva. Her poems or Vachnas are the spontaneous overflow of her love for the Lord. Her cloths, beauty and ornaments were the love and devotion to the Lord. This intense devotion and renunciation of worldly affairs made her a great mystic of the time. She had an experience of the Lord in the heart, this basic experience led her to experience Lord in everything: in the beautiful nature, mountains valleys and everywhere. She finds her home in the nature and everything in it was her companion. In union with the nature and all the being she searched for the Lord and she experienced Him together with all beings. This shows that in totality she experienced and worshipped the Lord in the Universe. This is the another aspect of her mysticism. There is a massage for all, who search the Lord with the sincere heart that God can be experience in our simple and ordinary life situations and surroundings. There is no need of going to high mountains like Himalayas to search for the Lord; he is here within us and in the nature. Akka madhavi experienced this truth from her child hood itself, and she could experience more intensively and more clearly in her later stages of life. She expresses the unity between her and the Absolute in the following Vachana: I do not say it is the Linga. I do not say it oneness with the Linga. I do not say it is the Merging, I do not say it is the Parting I do not say it has Happened. I do not say it is to Be. I do not say it is I. I do not say it is You. The mysticism of the Akka is in par with the existing theological understanding of the experience of the Lord. There is no conflict with the tradition and philosophical thinking of the time. Man’s search for the Lord in the cosmos with the nature and created beings is very much acceptable to the mystics of all times. The out flow of the heart’s desire and her love she expresses in her poems and Vachana is a real treasure and guide to seek the Lord, for the many generation to come. Akka mahadevi is somewhat negative about the concept of body. The bodily beauty was a liability for her in her short life. She calls this body as the site of dirt, lust, greed and rage. This may be because of her experience with Kaushika and in Anubhava Mantapa. According to her the body and its temptations are the primary causes which come on the way in ones union with the Lord. In this way in her thought we can see the clear cut distinction between body as something bad which belongs to the world and soul in something sacred which helps one to live a holy life. 11. CONCLUSION Mystics have a double aspect in their life. They are often perceived as rebel in a cultural social ethos. They refuse to walk or to follow the manmade laws and tradition. They have a fine intellect and sharp perception of divine reality. They guide people in the new path towards the absolute. They are courageous, creative and enthusiastic in walking the new unknown path with full trust and confidence. This unusual way of life and their very courage novelty and creativity make them to be rejected in the society, but later they are hailed and accepted in the society. Akka Mahadevi was one among such saints who was intoxicated by Shiva Shakti. Because of her ascetic way of life she became true Shakti and all other powers of tradition and culture she rejected. This way led to her to the spiritual heights making her a mystic. Thus we can see that akka mahadevi had two aspects i. e. initial rejection as rebel and later acceptance as mystic saint. Nobody knows exactly for how many years Akka Mahadevi lived. According to one popular belief she lived only twenty-five years. Within this small span of life the achievement she did, the area she had covered from Udatadi to Srisail and the great spiritual personalities she met is something amazing. No other Indian social activist achieves the parallel position with Akka in this regard. It is sure that physically she lived a very short life but spiritually she did surpass the common level. The historians are of the opinion that Akka only in a true sense represents the whole vachana movement, which is in swing till the time present. The vachanas she wrote is a gem of divine thought. These few Vachanas of Mahadevi gives us the insights into the unique psychology of God –intoxication of this blessed saint. Even linguistically they achieve an everlasting place. Each phase of her life was a step towards the emancipation of not only of womanhood but also of the mankind. She was sure footed in her radical combat with the age-old norms of the society. She lived for the life enlightened and the life divine. Akka is a guiding spirit behind all the women activists, irrespective of the age and space. One should be thankful to the womankind, which has given â€Å"the Sappho of Greece, the Theresa of Christianity, the Lalleshwari of Kashmir, the Rubia of Arabia, the ‘Andal’ of Tamilnadu, the Meera of Rajasthan. † No doubt all they are incomparable individuals in their life and achievement. BIBLIOGRAPHY Deshpande, M. S. â€Å"Akka Mahadevi: St. Mira of Karnataka. † Pathway to God: A Journal of Spiritual Life 10, 1 (November 1975), 21-26. Hampana, Kamala. Akka Mahadevi. Bangalore: Sapna Book House, 2002. http://www. ambahouse. org/akkamahadevi. html http://www. ourkarnataka. com/religion/akka_mathapati. htm http://www. scrollindia. com/women-zone/akka-mahadevi-kannada-seer-poet. Patil, S. H. Community Dominance and Political Modernization. Delhi: A Mittal Publication, 2002 Shastry, G. V. Akka Mahadeviya Vachanagalu. Gadag: Paru Prakashan, 1999. Umadevi, S. Akka Mahadeviyavara Vachanagalu. Hubli: Lalit Prakashana, 200.

Pricing Strategy For International T-Shirts Essays - Marketing

Pricing Strategy For International T-Shirts PRICING STRATEGY FOR INTERNATIONAL II T-SHIRTS RATIONALE Sigma Alpha Epsilon is a national fraternity that is subsequently found on campus at the University of West Florida. This fraternity is well - known for having large parties in which the entire campus of students is invited. At the larger parties, the frat prints up tee shirts that depict the partys theme as well as a catchy slogan that all in attendance are urged to buy. This fund raiser accounts for a good portion of the fraternitys finances. The fund raiser chair delegate is in charge of all the operations that come with designing and preparing these shirts to be sold to the general public. In order for the fundraiser to be successful, a well thought out pricing strategy must be applied. Because the design committee for the fraternity works strictly for the well being of the cause, a design is constructed and voted on without a labor charge. Once the design is on paper, the SAE fundraising delegate takes the design to local print shops that specialize in putting these designs on to shirts. An appraisal is made, and the delegate decides which company he is going to go through keeping in mind quality as well as price. Making sure he chooses a company whose shirts will stand up to the test of college students as well as be inexpensive enough to where it can be afforded by these students, he makes his decision. In this paper I will take you through step by step the process of constructing a personalized tee shirt for sale in a fund-raising effort. I will focus on potential consumers, costs of production, and profit. To summarize all this, I am going to find out if producing these tee shirts will be a worthwhile investment. To do this, I am going to go through all the steps in making these tee shirts available to the consumers with the exception of actually materializing them. POTENTIAL CONSUMERS Being the SAE Fundraising Chair delegate, It is my duty to take into consideration the potential buyers of this shirt and decide if it is worth designing and selling the shirts. First off, the theme parties that the organization throws for the public usually draw between three hundred and eight hundred people. This figure is based on the number of people that come through the door on the given night as opposed to the amount that are in attendance at one point in time. Realizing that the party in mind for these tee shirts will be the final party at the fraternity house as well as the last party of the semester, SAE anticipates a record - breaking attendance. Also keeping in mind that not everyone can either afford or desire to own one of the shirts, a safe number of one hundred shirts will be purchased and up for sale at the night of the occasion. This number is considered a safe investment for the fact that there are a total of thirty-eight active members of the fraternity who are wi lling to purchase a tee shirt. This leaves only sixty-two more shirts that have to be sold within a potential one thousand-person audience. I will also reserve the right to the design providing the shirts are a hit and demand is high enough to have more printed up. COSTS OF PRODUCTION To figure out what the overall costs of producing these shirts for the International II. theme party, we must first take a look at what these shirts design will consist of. The tee shirts will be plain white and short sleeve with a small logo on the front right side and a large design on the back of the shirt. On the front right of the shirt will depict the Greek letters SAE in bold and large letters. Underneath these letters will appear the caption: First Annual International II Party. On the opposite side of the shirt will be a large design of the anticipated functions of the occasion. This will also contain a caption that will read I was there and really cant remember if you were! These shirts will be 50% cotton and 50% polyester. The finest quote I received that fulfilled

Causes of Water Pollution and the Present Environmental Solution

Causes of Water Pollution and the Present Environmental Solution Water is a special substance because through its natural form it can replenish and purify itself by allowing impurities to clear up through the process known as sedimentation. It can also dilute the impurities to a position where they contain harmless elements. Conversely, this natural process takes a lot of time, and therefore becomes impossible when there are excessive impurities that have contaminated the water.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Causes of Water Pollution and the Present Environmental Solution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Human beings contribute greatly towards polluting the water that they use. Prolonged pollution of water has even caused some plants to grow in the water, which pose danger to the living entities that have their inhabitants in the water. This paper shall succinctly explore on causes of water pollution and the present environmental solution towards the ongoing pollution of water. The term pollution can be defined in various ways. Water pollution happens when energy and varying materials are set free, thus debasing the value of water for users. In another perspective, water pollution comprises of all the waste products that the water cannot break down in its natural form. In simpler terms, any substance that is added to water and cannot be broken is referred as Pollution. In certain instances, the root cause of pollution may be through nature itself, for instance, when water runs all the way through soils containing acidic components. Human beings are however, the greater causes of water pollution (Canadian Broadcasting Corporation). Source of Pollution Water pollution has two major sources: the point and the nons of non-point sources include fertilizers, animal and chemical wastes, wastes from mining factories among others (Canadian Broadcasting Corporation). Categories of Water Pollution The first category of pollution is based mainly on human and the anima l waste. Such kind of wastes is called the environmental waste. They are capable of producing a source of energy, which enhances growth of bacteria. The source of energy produced (organic compound) is transformed into carbon dioxide and water, which when in large components can lead to atmospheric pollution and acidic rain. The type of pollution that is formed here is widespread and very difficult to control than any other type of pollution. The second category is the type of pollution that results from sewerage treatment. Such water contains components of phosphates and nitrates and these are directly discharged into water. Such pollution is very hazardous to both the human and aquatic life.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Heat is the third category of water pollution. When the temperature of water increases, the amount of the oxygen gas that is dissolved in wat er tends to lower. In some instances, such kind of pollution may be said to be natural. Mostly, the industrial equipments and other plants may be cleaned and cooled respectively by use hot springs and shallow ponds, then the used water is discharged into water body without being treated. Consequently, these tend to decrease the aquatic life since the oxygen component is also affected. The fourth and most common source of water pollution is sediment pollution. The organic particles and other minerals from the land are washed and blown into water sources. Such source of pollution is very difficult to identify since it emanates from the non-point sources. The fifth and most widespread source of water pollution is the discharge of chemicals into water, which mainly comes from the industrial wastes. Controlling this source of water pollution has proven difficult since industries are still discharging waste products into water sources; farmers are still using agro-chemicals. The last cate gory is water pollution through radioactive pollutants. These comprise of discharges from production industries, from hospitals and Uranium Mines. Radioactive pollutants are considered hazardous to both human and aquatic life since they take a long period before they become inactive and harmless (Environment Canada). Environmental Solutions to Water pollution Water pollution is an issue that has been present in our midst for ages. It has been there since time immemorial, despite the fact that its relentless has lately struck environmentalists all over the world. Implementation of strict laws concerning the way forward to prevent water pollution have been amended year in year out, but they have always lacked a follow up since they have always fallen on deaf ears. In fact, the problem has become adverse and this has compelled the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) to declare most of the lake, some streams, and even rivers as being dangerous for both swimming and fishing. Therefore, besides implementing ways on how this issue can be prevented, there is also a need to put to a stop this problem. In that connection, the following are some of the present water pollution solutions that we can implement and make this world a better place to be (Environment Canada).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Causes of Water Pollution and the Present Environmental Solution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Charity Begins at Home Before we start pointing fingers to those we think have greatly contributed towards polluting water, it is advisable to have a look on the inside. Each one of us has contributed in one way or another in polluting the environment. Having done this, therefore, puts us into a better position of implementing some changes within ourselves, which may turn into a revolution: ensuring that the discharge of the wastes from whichever sources is directed towards the right places and they are treate d. Setting up programs to ensure that the septic tanks are periodically cleaned might also be a step ahead that one ought to implement within his or her locality and in this case everyone within the neighborhood should be involved. Above all, kids should also be educated on the importance of saving water, as this is one of the major solutions in saving water. This will help in maintaining the old septic systems. In addition, refraining from using plastic equipments saves life when it comes to water pollution. Plastics are said to be non-biodegradable and therefore when dumped they tend to release chemicals and products that becomes hazardous to life. Amending On Present Laws Amending and making Water protection laws more stringent is the only possible way in fighting with those that cause water pollution. Any person found breaking the laid down rules and regulations concerning preservation of water should be highly penalized. Likewise, it may prove to be the most difficult solution to implement since most of those people involved in polluting the environment are those in power. This will only become efficient and effective to all, if there is a genuine concern for human and aquatic life (Environment Canada) Prevent Deforestation There is a linking point between the causes of environmental pollution. For instance, a forest plays the major part as main source of rainwater and infuses it up. Conversely, due to the extensive expansion of emerging companies and residential premises, that occurs at the costs of forests, and thus resulting into widespread deforestation, the role of the forests comes into a standstill. The resultant is that rainwater flows into streams carrying sediments and other particles into water bodies. The only way to stop this is practicing a forestation (Terra Daily). Stopping Oil Spills For ages, the oil discharged from the industries has affected the marine life. The only possible and best way to evade from this problem is to increase the r ate at which the vessels that carry this oil moves. Government interventions through inspecting the way ships moves, and also provide civic education about the repercussions of such problems (Environment Canada). Conclusion Water is a natural substance that is essential for living things, and requires protection from any pollution. The points discussed in this paper are just few of the possible solutions for water pollution. If we fail to implement water pollution solutions and analyze this major environmental issue, human life and the natural environment may experience difficulties coexisting in the world.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Prevention of water pollution is one of the major steps in having a sustainable â€Å"green† environment. Governments need to set up laws that protect the environment from pollutions. Having international laws that are driven to educate and guide people on environmental protection will benefit all things that depend on water. It is therefore important to focus on preserving water sources and ensure that natural resources are used wisely, be it for production or for business services. Bibliography Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Annual Checkup. Sept. 2004. Web. cbc.ca/manitoba/features/lakewinnipeg/checkup.html Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Down on the Farm: Water Laws. Sept. 2004. Web. cbc.ca/manitoba/features/lakewinnipeg/agriculture.html Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. On the Nutrient Trail. Sept. 2004. Web. cbc.ca/manitoba/features/lakewinnipeg/wastewater.html Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Up the Creek. Sept. 2004. Web. cbc.ca/manitoba/features/lakewinnipeg /creek.html City of Saskatoon. Wastewater Treatment Process. 2007. Web. saskatoon.ca/org/water_treatment/wastewater_treatment/ww_process.asp Environment Canada. Clean Water Life depends on. Jul. 2004.Web. ec.gc.ca/water/en/info/pubs/FS/e_FSA3.htm Environment Canada. Quick Facts. 2006. Web. ec.gc.ca/water/en/e_quickfacts.htm Environment Canada. The State of Canada’s Environment – 1996. 1996. Web. ec.gc.ca/soer-ree/english/SOER/1996report/Doc/1-6-4-4-3-2-1.cfm Environment Canada. Water Pollution. 2004. Web. ec.gc.ca/water/en/manage/poll/e_poll.htm Terra Daily. Canada Will Not Buy Pollution Rights. Oct. 2006. Web. www.terradaily.com/reports/Canada_Will_Not_Buy_Pollution_Rights_999.html

Fallacious reasoning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fallacious reasoning - Assignment Example The most common fallacies in advertisements are appeal to emotions and ad hominem. In the ad hominem fallacy, the reasoning attacks the person rather than the issue at hand while in the appeal to emotions, the reasoning manipulates the emotions of the listeners in order to get their emotions (Carey, 2000).. Consider an advertisement during the Super Bowl Commercials 2012 in which David Beckham advertises H & M’s underwear (Hall, 2012). No one can dispute the effectiveness of the advert because it is perfect and provokes the market for the product. The advert employs fallacious reasoning through playing with the emotions of the listeners and viewers. The company employs the fallacy appealing to emotions. The company exploits the fact that in most cases, females do the purchasing of males’ underwear garments. These are mothers, girlfriends, and wives. Beckham is highly loved and appreciated worldwide especially by females. He is a known figure in the world of soccer, hence has a following among the football fans (Hall, 2012). The fallacy here aims at capturing the emotions of the viewers, hence make them purchase the garment. The company reasons that the multitude’s love for Beckham will make them love the garment, which is not necessarily